Mencius

1. What social structure does Mencius envision for the ideal society? Who should be in charge? Does he favor choosing officials based on ascriptive status (i. e. their aristocratic pedigree) or does he believe in using meritocratic criteria for selecting officials? Is he egalitarian, or does he favor maintenance of a social hierarchy? Mencius developed a very early form of what was to be called in modern times the â€Å"social contract. Mencius, like Confucius, believed that rulers were divinely placed in order to guarantee peace and order among the people they rule. Unlike Confucius, Mencius believed that if a ruler failed to bring peace and order about, then the people could be absolved of all loyalty to that ruler and could, if they felt strongly enough about the matter, revolt. 2. What makes a state successful in Mencius’ eyes? Does he esteem conquest and military might? Economic power? Religious or moral force? What does a ruler need to do to make his state successful? What happens to bad rulers? (Mencius' argument that unjust rulers may be overthrown) Does Mencius esteem the creation of a unified empire, and if so, how should one go about unifying China? Mencius emphasized the significance of the common citizens in the state. While Confucianism generally regards rulers highly, he argued that it is acceptable for the subjects to overthrow or even kill a ruler who ignores the people's needs and rules harshly. This is because a ruler who does not rule justly is no longer a true ruler. What are the hallmarks of a moral society in Mencius’ way of thinking? How should wealth be distributed? What kinds of lives should people lead? What outward signs indicate that a society is good, and what are the symptoms of emerging social problems? 4. What is the role of education in Mencius’ ideal society? Should education focus on practical training? Ritual knowledge? Moral cultivation? Who ought to be educated? According to Mencius, education must awaken the innate abilities of the human mind. He denounced memorization and advocated active interrogation of the text, saying, â€Å"One who believes all of a book would be better off without books. † One should check for internal consistency by comparing sections and debate the probability of factual accounts by comparing them with experience. 5. Explain the following ideas according to Mencius: gentleman, mandate of Heaven, filial piety, the (Doctrine of the) Mean, the Five Relationships, benevolence, the innate goodness of humankind. Mencius 1. What social structure does Mencius envision for the ideal society? Who should be in charge? Does he favor choosing officials based on ascriptive status (i. e. their aristocratic pedigree) or does he believe in using meritocratic criteria for selecting officials? Is he egalitarian, or does he favor maintenance of a social hierarchy? Mencius developed a very early form of what was to be called in modern times the â€Å"social contract. Mencius, like Confucius, believed that rulers were divinely placed in order to guarantee peace and order among the people they rule. Unlike Confucius, Mencius believed that if a ruler failed to bring peace and order about, then the people could be absolved of all loyalty to that ruler and could, if they felt strongly enough about the matter, revolt. 2. What makes a state successful in Mencius’ eyes? Does he esteem conquest and military might? Economic power? Religious or moral force? What does a ruler need to do to make his state successful? What happens to bad rulers? (Mencius' argument that unjust rulers may be overthrown) Does Mencius esteem the creation of a unified empire, and if so, how should one go about unifying China? Mencius emphasized the significance of the common citizens in the state. While Confucianism generally regards rulers highly, he argued that it is acceptable for the subjects to overthrow or even kill a ruler who ignores the people's needs and rules harshly. This is because a ruler who does not rule justly is no longer a true ruler. What are the hallmarks of a moral society in Mencius’ way of thinking? How should wealth be distributed? What kinds of lives should people lead? What outward signs indicate that a society is good, and what are the symptoms of emerging social problems? 4. What is the role of education in Mencius’ ideal society? Should education focus on practical training? Ritual knowledge? Moral cultivation? Who ought to be educated? According to Mencius, education must awaken the innate abilities of the human mind. He denounced memorization and advocated active interrogation of the text, saying, â€Å"One who believes all of a book would be better off without books. † One should check for internal consistency by comparing sections and debate the probability of factual accounts by comparing them with experience. 5. Explain the following ideas according to Mencius: gentleman, mandate of Heaven, filial piety, the (Doctrine of the) Mean, the Five Relationships, benevolence, the innate goodness of humankind.

Professional Value in Ethics and Islam

BUS240: Professional Work Values in Islam Instructor: Dr. Hisham Adam Group Names: Yousef Al Khamis Khalid Al Dabbous Hamad Al Sayegh Mohammad Jamal Professional Work Values Introduction Religion plays an important role in the development of work and professional ethics the world over. All religions, Christianity, Islam, and Hindu among others all inform on work, work values and work ethics in an effort to promote harmony, togetherness, tolerance and hard work. They also advocate for such good practices to ensure cooperation in employer employee relations at the work place.Such religious teachings are entrenched and supported by most constitutions around the world. The Quran and its teachings play an important role in the development of a Muslim. The Quran guides the way of life, it gives insight into relations between brothers, kin, employees and their employers, the individual and the state, and the Muslim and non-Muslims. This holy book above all gives insight into life as Allah w ished. Discussion The Quran gives life lessons on employees and employers.It gives teachings on values required at the work place; some of these values include trust, humility, loyalty, hard work, fairness, justice, kindness, and charity among others. Trust refers to the belief in the strength of truth coming from a person other than yourself. The workplace is akin to a second home for most people in adulthood. Relations form that either strengthen or destroy this environment. Relations built on trust have a positive impact on the work environment and result in success while relations formed with distrust merely lead to frustration and losses.Trust comes alongside truth. With truth, employees and employers have an easier time working together. The Quran puts truthfulness and honesty as some of the best traits that a professional Muslim should possess. They imply that a true Muslim should be fearful of the almighty and true through his actions and words. It goes ahead to say that fai thfulness is directly related to righteousness. In addition to this, all Muslims will be judged and held accountable for their actions whilst on earth.Concerning work and business, it indicates that a good businessperson is one who is honest; hence, he is put in the same category as the prophets. Honesty supersedes respect. An honest boss is one that communicates effectively with his employees and lets them know of the goings in the company. Such an action begets an equivalent reaction from employees hence creating a cordial work relationship between them. All Muslims are supposed to be charitable. Charity here refers to spending what Allah has given an individual usually in the form of resources, monies, energy, talents and possessions for the good of other people.Charity fosters a relationship between man and other men. It also promotes a relationship with the almighty. In modern day, the most common include helping the needy through corporate social relations; avoiding hurting pe ople and helping strangers find their way. Many companies in the world today engage in philanthropic activities, helping the needy, children, the elderly and the poor in fulfillment of their obligation as human beings to Allah. The Quran also advocates for hard work. Hard work for any Muslim is a mandatory exercise.In one of Prophet Mohammed’s quotations, he refers to hard work as an obligation. He goes ahead and explains that it is better for an individual to carry his own firewood than have a friend do it for him. Hard work is linked directly to honesty in which the Quran indicates that it is not moral for one to beg. It directs the Muslims to work and creates a belief that one would receive a better reward for working hard. It asks them to desist from deceiving others, hoarding goods and begging and instead work hard.Dignity and honor are attached to income acquired in a rightful manner whereas sources of unearned monies are revered against; such as betting and playing cha nce games. Forgiveness is a highly cherished trait for professional Muslims. A Muslim is bound to accept an apology from a fellow Muslim not unless such an apology has been given dishonestly by the one offering it. More often than not, relations are destroyed within the workplace. It is often best to seek forgiveness from a fellow employee than engage in constant battle.Forgiveness ensures cooperation is maintained whereas hatred brings forth inconsistency and outright bias leading to losses. Good conduct to others. This trait requires that an individual wish for the best for his Muslim brother. This is a two-way concept where an individual wishes good tidings for his friends just as he would wish to have done to him. In an employee-employer working environment, many employees do not have a desire to see their friends excel. As a result, many of them work to ensure their friends fail and are fired.Maintaining good conduct towards others ensures cooperation and in turn ensures mutual success. Organisational culture refers to the behavior of human beings as being part of an organisation as well as the meaning that they attach to different actions in that environment. Culture is a combination of several things including norms, values, symbols, beliefs and habits among other things that are shared by a people. Organisational culture is also a pattern of behavioral traits and behavior that is taught to members of an organisation to promote co-existence and harmonious living.Such cultures define the appropriate behavior for different situations and environment. An organisational culture affects the way individuals interact with each other in the organisation, how they interact with the customers and stakeholders and have a role in creating a good or bad image for the organisation. Such Muslim professional values revolve around oneness. They represent a constant need to create a good employee-employee and employee employer working relation that ultimately bring succe ss. The Quran is particular in creating equity among individuals working together.Contemporary organisations are composed of individuals from a wide range of religious backgrounds. Professional ethics as stipulated in the Quran do not only apply to the Muslims but may be used by any other person regardless of his religious inclination. Entrenching such traits into the organisational culture will go forth to create a lasting bond (Mats 2002) among employees characterized by cooperation and trust. In addition, it will withdraw elements of doubt and foster trust among employees for the mutual benefit of the company.Conclusion The Quran gives a huge list of ethical traits that a Muslim ought to possess in his day-to-day life. These traits form the basis of any Muslim life. These traits are universal in that, people regardless of their religious inclination may use them. Their use in modern day organisations to inform on organisational culture is widely acknowledged, and appreciated. Mod ern day organisations are multicultural and such traits would be great to bridge this cultural gap and bring harmony to the organisation.

School Community

This excellent, informative, yet dated book defines specific, diverse action plans for schools to build community support. The authors identify customer segments and various ways in which the schools can engage them, as well as inexpensive strategies for enhancing the schools image. Of particular use were the examples of surveys, community activities and pitfalls to avoid. The most highlighted activity is what the authors called in 1994 â€Å"database marketing†, which in 2007 terms is the precursor to data mining. The work was only available on photocopy, which made some of the footnotes and graphs unreadable, but generally the strategies expressed are useful in today's climate. Authors hold ph. D. in education and published a number of peer-reviewed articles. The book handles the issue of school and community relationship from a marketing point of view. It presents a number of action plans that are not tested with real evidence about their efficiency. Rovezzi & David (1994) suggested that schools use advanced marketing to build community support for identified customers. This would enhance school image. The plans utilized were derived from practical experience in the field of marketing. The effectiveness of the plans are unknown however since they were not employed before.

English Composition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

English Composition - Essay Example On October 1959, New York's Guggenheim Museum opens on Fifth Avenue between 88th and 89th streets to house the collection of the late copper magnate Solomon R. Guggenheim, whose mentor, Hilla Rebay, induced him to buy dozens of canvases by the late abstractionist Wassily Kandinsky (World Chronology, 2007). In the field of nonfiction literature, C. Wright Mills wrote "The Sociological Imagination" to enable the young radicals to see their worth as potential agents of change in a social structure whose needs are not being met by the existing power structures (World Chronology, 2007). Television became the most dominant mass media in every American home in 1959. On January 9, San Francisco-born actor Clint Eastwood stars in "Rawhide" on CBS (World Chronology, 2007). I remember my mother humming the popular songs of the year: "Back in the U.S.A." and "Almost Grown" by Chuck Berry, and "Just a Lonely Boy" and "Put Your Head On My Shoulder" by Paul Anka. In the field of politics, America has acquired new states in 1959. Alaska and Hawaii become the forty-ninth and fiftieth states, respectively.

American Culture Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

American Culture Analysis - Essay Example Interestingly, the American society has remained quite receptive towards all sorts of cultures. It was found in the 1990 census that racial minority groups in US were growing seven times faster than the majority (Qasawa). The freedom of expression is one quality of American culture that appeals to me the most, though their straightforwardness sometimes sounds too bitter (Kwintessential). Americans celebrate life. They hang out with friends, party and enjoy. Being a first world country, American people are much privileged than most of the other nations of the world. Partying is an important feature of the American culture. Partying is ingrained in the American ideology. People look forward to opportunities to get together. American’s don’t need special occasions to party. They may party when someone wins a match or when someone buys a new pet. There can be any reason to party. Most importantly, the parties do not have to be expensive enough to be enjoyed. Friends may get together upon a large pizza, and it can be just as enjoyable as a grand ceremony.

Unit 7 Case Manegment Seminar Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit 7 Case Manegment Seminar - Research Paper Example However not all people accept change as some become very resistant. Recovery in this context refers to a process of change that an individual goes through in order to improve their health and wellness and try to reach their full potential. It can’t be confined only to people suffering from addictions only; it applies to all other people who are receiving human services. For example a person with a mental health issue and a disabled person will undergo recovery. So for a human service worker, recovery would be viewed as way of gradual change that helps clients to accept their situation and move on whereas for the client, it is the only and most important hope they can have once they get themselves in those situations. As a human service professional, when a client gets discouraged, I will ensure they learn to accept the situation and encourage them that they are not the only ones in that state. I will try and make them understand the purpose of life and ensure that I am in close contact with them so that they don’t feel neglected. I will also encourage and help them speak with others who have same experiences but have managed to overcome. When on a working service for a client, not one worker can be able to do all the activities. Different skills will be required at same time which on worker can’t deliver. For example, there could be people with different problems ranging from drug addict, mental illness, disabled etc. All these people would require different kinds of guidance and counseling which can’t be provided by one social worker hence need for many professional in that particular

The Strategic Management of Economy Hotel in China Essay - 1

The Strategic Management of Economy Hotel in China - Essay Example Homes Inn Hotels and China Lodging Group, and surveying 50 employees of each hotel hotels. The findings of this study reveals that economic hotels, though, might have a very limited business scope, but strategically they are required to align their objectives with the operational capacities. By doing this, economic hotels can ensure efficient utilization of the resources which would reflect in increased profitability of the business. Acknowledgement Table of Contents Abstract 2 Acknowledgement 3 Table of Contents 4 List of Tables and Figures 10 Chapter 1: Introduction 11 1.1 Background 11 1.2 Problem Statement 12 1.3 Research Aim 13 1.4 Research Objectives 13 1.5 Research Questions 13 1.6 Significance of the Research 14 1.7 Scope of the Study 14 1.8 Structure of the Report 14 Chapter 2: Literature Review 16 2.1 Introduction 16 2.2 Hospitality industry in Asia 17 2.3 Economy hotels – Characteristics 19 2.4 Hotel industry in China – overview 21 2.5The role of Chinese gove rnment in the development of China’s hospitality industry 23 2.6Strategies of hotels in China 25 2.6.1 The role of hospitality industry environment 25 2.6.2 Factors influencing the form of strategies of Chinese hotels 26 2.6.3 Challenges related to the strategies of hotels in China 29 2.6.4 Strategies of Chinese hotels vs. ... 41 3.1 Introduction 41 3.2 Presentation and analysis of research methods 42 3.2.1 Research Strategy 42 3.2.2 Research Philosophy 43 3.2.3 Data collection 44 3.2.4 Research Sampling 46 3.2.5 Data analysis 47 3.2.6 Ethical considerations 50 3.2.7 Limitations of Research 50 Chapter 4: Findings and Discussion 52 4.1 Introduction 52 4.2 Demographic Findings: Home Inns 52 4.3 Survey Questionnaire Findings: Homes Inn 55 4.3.1 Role of External Factors 55 4.3.2 Role of Internal Factors 56 4.3.3.Ability to Cater Organizational Mission 56 4.3.4 Achieving Objectives 56 4.3.5 Strategy Consultation 56 4.3.6 Compliance 57 4.3.7 Feedback 57 4.3.8 Training and Development 57 4.3.9 Daily Briefings 58 4.3.10 Project Reports 58 4.4 Descriptive Statistics: Homes Inn 58 4.5 Interview Analysis: Homes Inn 61 4.5.1 Influence of External Factors on Strategic Management 61 4.5.2 Influence of Internal Factors on Strategic Management 61 4.5.3 Homes Inn’s Mission 62 4.5.4 Homes Inn’s Objectives 62 4 .5.5 Strategy Development Process 63 4.5.6 Policy Structure and its Stakeholders 63 4.5.7 Training and Development Programs Offered to the Employees 64 4.5.8 Homes Inn’s Organizational Structure 64 4.5.9 Budgeting and Costing of Strategy Development and Implication 64 4.5.10 Implementation of Strategic Plan 65 4.5.11 Performance Evaluation Systems 65 4.5.12 Issue Identification Mechanism 66 4.5.13 Feedback Mechanism 66 4.6 Demographic Finding: China Lodging Group 66 4.7 Survey Questionnaire Findings: China Lodging Group 69 4.7.1 Role of External Factors 69 4.7.2 Role of External Factors 70 4.7.3 Ability to Cater Organizational Mission 70 4.7.4 Achieving Objectives 70 4.7.5 Strategy Consultation 71 4.7.6 Compliance 71 4.7.7 Feedback 71 4.7.8 Training and Development 72 4.7.9 Daily Briefings 72